Thursday, February 07, 2008

on climate change and politics.

i've been investing a lot of thought into the environment and our country's energy policy lately, due to the class i'm currently in. the class is called "energy and the environment."

i have read several books for my class titled "energy and the environment" to date. each book has made clear to me the urgency of finding a plausible renewable energy source that is not dependent on fossil fuels.

the interesting thing i'm realizing is that talking about the environment is exceedingly difficult because it is hard to distill the topic into easily digestible bits. there are so many aspects to discussing "the environment" in a general sense: the topic itself is often too large to convey successfully--and, more importantly--succinctly. there's drought in georgia, contaminated mine-water leaks in colorado, population control problems in rwanda, energy shortages in california, massive deforestation in haiti, 'mountaintop removal' in west virginia (they blow up a mountain to get to the coal underneath it, then dump the rocks into other valleys [they call them 'valley fills'] and destroy homes and water sources), and increased pollution in lake michigan. and that's just to name a few things that are going on.

most environmental problems that are man-made are a result of our industrial level energy consumption. and developed countries are the largest contributors. of those developed countries, america is the largest consumer of energy per capita (china and india, with their exploding economies, will close in on us soon). furthermore, the majority of our energy comes from fossil fuels. half of the electricity on the grid is generated by coal, and america consumes over 20 million barrels of oil a day. the full cost of this rampant energy generation and usage is incalculable. and yet, our government pays lip service to pursuing climate change, but has pulled subsidies for some renewable energy sources, while continuing to subsidize oil and coal.

the scary thing is, for a lot of america, it's not a priority or even a reality. we don't realize the implication of leaving all the lights on. and still, despite the large body of scientific evidence in support of climate change, it's still controversial in the political arena. ask yourself: how often do you hear a presidential candidate speak about the environment? does that topic get much play, when you compare it to the war in iraq, immigration, or health care?

but all that's changing. a sea-change has occurred in public opinion, and there will likely be a change in public policy as well. it's expected that caps on carbon emissions will be coming down the legislation pipeline in the next few years.

i for one welcome the change. i see nothing but benefit from moving away from using fossil fuels. politically, we would be able to secure energy independence and no longer worry over OPEC production quotas. environmentally, we would no longer ravage our planet. economically, more jobs may be created and de-centralized, local energy sources could encourage economic competition in a free-market, unlike the regulated energy monopolies that are present in some parts of the country (electricity regulation varies state by state). yes, there may be a loss for fossil fuel companies and their employees. isn't that part of the whole "creative destruction" process of laissez-faire economies, though?

but for all that to happen, this stuff needs to be taken seriously. environmental issues need to be de-politicized. what's the harm in "going green?" is there any downside? the issue needs input and support from both sides of the aisle. and support from the ballot box. and support from your wallet. consumers have power, as do voters.

energy is ubiquitous. it's all around you. and despite the illusory effect of being surrounded at all times by energy, it does not come to you without a cost. the entire infrastructure has been designed to be hidden from view. but now is the time for us to invest in a new infrastructure, one that may continue to meet our considerable "needs" for energy, and that does not damage our environment.

i didn't consider all this until recently. because of all the books i've read so far, my opinion has changed. they all come highly recommended. perhaps you are like i was, blissfully unaware of the critical time and place we all live in. now though, i can understand the many people who have a sense of urgency about the environment. i do now as well, and every day am trying to incorporate ways of being conscientious about my environmental impact. after all, what's the hurt?

8 comments:

::athada:: said...

very informative with the bonus of being succinct.

you are right about being hidden from view. you should do a survey of americans and ask them where their electricity comes from. that would be revealing!

glad you have had time to read into this...

MoonGovernor said...

I agree that generally speaking there's no harm in going green.

However, there's nothing laissez-faire about the government shutting down the coal industry. I think the best way to combat polution and energy consumption is through incentive programs. Instead of simply telling people that they can only use a certain amount of energy, give them an incentive to innovate and come up with viable market alternatives. Government mandated systems are almost always inefficient and unweildy in market applications.

And I'm not very impressed with carbon caps. From what I've seen, it looks like companies can trade and buy carbon credits. If all we do is make carbon more expensive, that cost will be passed on to consumers - and these types of hikes always hurt the poor the most. Sure, the high costs will eventually lead to adaptation and innovaton, but why not skip this step?

What I'd like to hear people start talking about as an alternative energy source is nuclear power. It's much cleaner and less expensive than coal. It's also more realistic and realiable than solar or wind power. To be sure, there are some risks, but they are very remote. The French have been using nuclear power awhile now - they produce 80% of their electrical power through nuclear plants. If nuclear power can undersell coal power, then we will see the "laissez-faire destruction" you talk about.

blake c said...

brandon, i don't remember mentioning that the coal industry should be shut down. the coal industry should be reined in from doing horrible environmental destruction, such as "mountaintop removal" practices (check out ilovemountains.org) happening right now in west virginia, but i don't think they should be shut down just yet. in fact, they will certainly have a factor in our transfer to renewable energy.

i don't really believe that we have a truly "free" market anyways. if it were really a free market, oil and coal industries wouldn't be given federal subsidies and competition would be level. instead, all subsidies to renewable energy sources have been cut, and the Dept of Energy has canceled is plan for the FutureGen plant (a highly touted 'clean coal' plant). the administration highly favors the fossil fuel industries. and why not, cheney was ceo of an oil company, the bush family has ties to houston tx oil, and several of their political appointees have similar connections.

i think you should reconsider carbon caps. it's a potentially massive market that has already begun trading in heavy volume in other parts of the world. and i agree that incentives are good, and that the consumer shouldn't be legally forced to consume less. but corporations should be forced to produce more efficient vehicles, and a price should be placed on making polluting vehicles and products. and they won't act without laws. it's just reality. for instance, the EU has stringent efficiency standards, and their car companies are meeting the challenge. the big 3 could do the same.

i don't have a clear position on nuclear, other than it takes 10-15 years to build a plant, there haven't been any built in 30 years, and no one wants a nuclear plant in their backyard. oh, and the waste lasts a million years. we need research to learn how to dispose of or reuse the waste. so there's lots of obstacles and a lot of ramp-up time, though it could certainly be worth the effort.

we have a complex energy system, and it's becoming too environmentally and economically costly. we need a complex answer.

MoonGovernor said...

I disagree with your assertion that companies won't act without laws to force them. Auto manufacturers in the US are producing hybrid cars now and there are no laws forcing them to do so. This is driven by market demand. People want fuel effecient, environmentally friendly cars so manufacturers are producing them. Of course under this system it will take longer for all of our vehicles to become greener than it would if mandated by law. But with growing public concern over efficiency and rising gas prices, I don't think we'll be far enough behind to warrant government established mandatories.

I realize that no one wants a nuclear plant in their backyard, and I don't blame them. Unfortunately, no one wants any kind of public utility in their backyard, but they've got to be put somewhere. And you're right, the waste does last way too long, but I am confident that we can dispose of it safely with some research (if we don't know how to already). And I also agree that it's worth investing in. With the increased efficiency of a few new nuclear plants, we could shut down a lot of coal plants in a lot of peoples' backyards.

Micah said...

the kennedy's didn't even want a wind-power facility in their [summer mansion's] back yard (about three years ago). several of the bigger states that have "green" laws (i.e. california, new york) simply outsource their power production to neighboring states that don't have the same "green" standards. talk about double-faced!

this is going to sound crazy--and maybe it is--but what if we sent the nuclear waste into space? put them in as secure of containers as possible and then send them to the planet formerly known as pluto. is that irresponsible? i'm not 100% behind this idea yet, but i'm just wondering if it should be an option...?

p.s. blake: i don't have any tickets to any purdue athletic events (i don't like purdue, remember?), but if you're at a game next time and you have some time to spare before/after the game, give me a call and we'll grab some coffee or a woodchuck.

minister of silly walks said...

Sending nuclear waste into space is a very interesting idea, but a little bit ridiculous. We find radioactive materials in the ground; we don't create them. All we do is enrich them. So burying them is just as good as sending them into space, although there could possibly be a way to re-enrich them after use.

I think that going green is a worthy endeavor, but under no circumstances do I think that corporations should be forced to produce more efficient vehicles. When people become concerned enough to demand more efficient cars, or when gas becomes too expensive for the average person to afford, the free market will take its course and fix this problem on its own.

blake c said...

moongov/minister, i wish i had your faith in the goodwill of corporations and the average consumer.

if you look at the increase in fuel efficiency that occurred in the 70's and 80's, the impetus was provided mainly by the implementation of CAFE standards by congress. true, there was the energy crisis caused by the oil embargo, and that helped driver consumer demand for fuel efficient vehicles. once the cost of fuel went back down (it was political and not physical scarcity that caused the oil shortage), so did the fuel efficiency. but you cannot deny the role that legislation played.

corporations do not necessarily have anything but the bottom line in mind. their business is profit for stockholders.

i recommend the documentary who killed the electric car?. it shows the many interests that rally around (or against) alternative vehicles or high-efficiency vehicles.

note: congress recently increased the CAFE standards.

i appreciate the input. i disagree, but happily. there's lots of data out there to digest, and i'm just now getting into it. i personally think energy usage will steer the future in more ways than one, and fossil fuels should be weaned away.

MoonGovernor said...

Legislation definitely had a huge role in it, but look at all the hybrid cars that are in production now - without congress' coercive intervention.

I've been watching some of this March madness business, and it's very rare that a commercial break goes by without an ad for a hybrid. Chevrolet, Ford, Honda, Toyota, and even Lexus are all producing hybrids now.

I don't disagree that the primary motive of corporations is profit - it is. But hybrids are profitable. As gas prices continue to rise, hybrids will continue to proliferate.